Allow to override the python install path (and document it)

[simgrid.git] / docs / source / Installing_SimGrid.rst

.. Copyright 2005-2022

.. _install:

Installing SimGrid
==================


SimGrid should work out of the box on Linux, macOS, FreeBSD, and
Windows (under Windows, you need to install the Windows Subsystem
Linux to get more than the Java bindings).

Pre-compiled Packages
---------------------

Binaries for Linux
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

To get all of SimGrid on Debian or Ubuntu, simply type one of the
following lines, or several lines if you need several languages.

.. code-block:: console

   $ apt install libsimgrid-dev  # if you want to develop in C or C++
   $ apt install simgrid-java    # if you want to develop in Java
   $ apt install python3-simgrid # if you want to develop in Python

If you use the Nix_ package manager, the latest SimGrid release is packaged as ``simgrid`` in Nixpkgs_.
Previous SimGrid versions are maintained in `NUR-Kapack`_ and are available
pre-compiled in release and debug modes on the `capack cachix binary cache`_
— refer to `NUR-Kapack's documentation`_ for usage instructions.

If you use a pacman-based system (*e.g.*, Arch Linux and derived distributions),
the latest SimGrid is available in the `simgrid AUR package`_
— refer to `AUR official documentation`_ for installation instructions.

If you build pre-compiled packages for other distributions, drop us an
email.

.. _Nix: https://nixos.org/
.. _Nixpkgs: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs
.. _NUR-Kapack: https://github.com/oar-team/nur-kapack
.. _capack cachix binary cache: https://app.cachix.org/cache/capack
.. _NUR-Kapack's documentation: https://github.com/oar-team/nur-kapack
.. _simgrid AUR package: https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/simgrid/
.. _AUR official documentation: https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Arch_User_Repository

.. _install_java_precompiled:

Stable Java Package
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The jar file can be retrieved from the `Release page
<https://framagit.org/simgrid/simgrid/-/releases>`_. This file is
self-contained, including the native components for Linux, macOS and
Windows. Copy it to your project's classpath and you're set.

Nightly built Java Package
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Head to the corresponding `GitHub Action <https://github.com/simgrid/simgrid/actions/workflows/jarfile.yml>`_
and pick the last green build. At the bottom of the build page, click on the ``jar-final`` artefact.
Open this zip file to find the jar you need. This jar can be used under Linux, Mac OSX or Windows, as you wish.

Binary Java Troubleshooting
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Here are some error messages that you may get when trying to use the
binary Java package.

Your architecture is not supported by this jarfile
   If your system is not supported, you should compile your
   own jarfile :ref:`by compiling SimGrid <install_src>` from the source.
Library not found: boost-context
   You should obviously install the ``boost-context`` library on your
   machine, for example with ``apt``.

.. _deprecation_policy:

Version numbering and deprecation
---------------------------------

SimGrid tries to be both a research instrument that you can trust, and
a vivid project targeting the future issues. We have 4 stable versions
per year, numbered 3.24 or 3.25. Backward compatibility is ensured for
one year: Code compiling without warning on 3.24 will still compile
with 3.28, but maybe with some deprecation warnings. You should update
your SimGrid installation at least once a year and fix those
deprecation warnings: the compatibility wrappers are usually removed
after 4 versions. Another approach is to never update your SimGrid
installation, but we don't provide any support to old versions.

Interim versions (also called pre-versions) may be released between
stable releases. They are numbered 3.X.Y, with even Y (for example,
3.23.2 was released on July 8. 2019 as a pre-version of 3.24). These
versions should be as usable as regular stable releases, even if they
may be somewhat less tested and documented. They play no role in our
deprecation handling, and they are not really announced to not spam
our users.

Version numbered 3.X.Y with odd Y are git versions. They often work,
but no guarantee is given whatsoever (all releases are given "as is",
but that's even more so for these unreleased versions).

.. _install_src:

Installing from the Source
--------------------------

Getting the Dependencies
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

C++ compiler (either g++, clang, or icc).
  We use the C++14 standard, and older compilers tend to fail on
  us. It seems that g++ 5.0 or higher is required nowadays (because of
  boost).  SimGrid compiles well with `clang` or `icc` too.
Python 3.
  SimGrid should build without Python. That is only needed by our regression test suite.
cmake (v3.5).
  ``ccmake`` provides a nicer graphical interface compared to ``cmake``.
  Press ``t`` in ``ccmake`` if you need to see absolutely all
  configuration options (e.g., if your Python installation is not standard).
boost (at least v1.48, v1.59 recommended)
  - On Debian / Ubuntu: ``apt install libboost-dev libboost-context-dev``
  - On macOS with homebrew: ``brew install boost``
Java (optional):
  - Debian / Ubuntu: ``apt install default-jdk libgcj18-dev`` (or
    any version of libgcj)
  - macOS or Windows: Grab a `full JDK <http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads>`_

For platform-specific details, please see below.

Getting the Sources
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Grab the last **stable release** from `FramaGit
<https://framagit.org/simgrid/simgrid/-/releases>`_, and compile it as follows:

.. code-block:: console

   $ tar xf simgrid-3-XX.tar.gz
   $ cd simgrid-*
   $ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/simgrid .
   $ make
   $ make install

If you want to stay on the **bleeding edge**, get the current git version,
and recompile it as with stable archives. You may need some extra
dependencies.

.. code-block:: console

   $ git clone https://framagit.org/simgrid/simgrid.git
   $ cd simgrid
   $ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/opt/simgrid .
   $ make
   $ make install

.. _install_src_config:

Build Configuration
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

This section is about **compile-time options**, which are very
different from :ref:`run-time options <options>`. Compile-time options
fall into two categories. **SimGrid-specific options** define which part
of the framework to compile while **Generic options** are provided by
cmake itself.

.. warning::

   Our build system often gets mixed up if you change something on
   your machine after the build configuration.  For example, if
   SimGrid fails to detect your fortran compiler, it is not enough to
   install a fortran compiler. You also need to delete all Cmake
   files, such as ``CMakeCache.txt``. Since Cmake also generates some
   files in the tree, you may need to wipe out your complete tree and
   start with a fresh one when you install new dependencies.

   Another (better) solution is to :ref:`build out of the source tree
   <install_cmake_outsrc>`.

Generic build-time options
""""""""""""""""""""""""""

These options specify, for example, the path to various system elements (Python
path, compiler to use, etc). In most case, CMake automatically discovers the
right value for these elements, but you can set them manually as needed.
Notably, such variables include ``CC`` and ``CXX``, defining the paths to the C
and C++ compilers; ``CFLAGS`` and ``CXXFLAGS`` specifying extra options to pass
to the C and C++ compilers; and ``PYTHON_EXECUTABLE`` specifying the path to the
Python executable.

The best way to discover the exact name of the option that you need to
change is to press ``t`` in the ``ccmake`` graphical interface, as all
options are shown (and documented) in the advanced mode.

Once you know their name, there are several ways to change the values of
build-time options. You can naturally use the ccmake graphical
interface for that, or you can use environment variables, or you can
prefer the ``-D`` flag of ``cmake``.

For example, you can change the compilers by issuing these commands to set some
environment variables before launching cmake:

.. code-block:: console

   $ export CC=gcc-5.1
   $ export CXX=g++-5.1

The same can be done by passing ``-D`` parameters to cmake, as follows.
Note that the dot at the end is mandatory (see :ref:`install_cmake_outsrc`).

.. code-block:: console

   $ cmake -DCC=clang -DCXX=clang++ .

SimGrid compilation options
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""

Here is the list of all SimGrid-specific compile-time options (the
default choice is in upper case).

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX (path)
  Where to install SimGrid (/opt/simgrid, /usr/local, or elsewhere).

enable_compile_optimizations (ON/off)
  Ask the compiler to produce efficient code. You probably want to
  leave this option activated, unless you plan to modify SimGrid itself:
  efficient code takes more time to compile, and appears mangled to some debuggers.

enable_compile_warnings (on/OFF)
  Ask the compiler to issue error messages whenever the source
  code is not perfectly clean. If you are a SimGrid developer, you
  have to activate this option to enforce the code quality. As a
  regular user, this option is of little use.

enable_debug (ON/off)
  Disabling this option discards all log messages of severity
  debug or below at compile time (see :ref:`outcome_logs`). The resulting
  code is marginaly faster than if you discard these messages at
  runtime, but it obviously becomes impossible to get any debug
  info from SimGrid when things go wrong.

enable_documentation (on/OFF)
  Generates the documentation pages. Building the documentation is not
  as easy as it used to be, and you should probably use the online
  version for now.

enable_java (on/OFF)
  Generates the java bindings of SimGrid. You must also enable MSG for
  this to work.

enable_lib_in_jar (ON/off)
  Embeds the native java bindings into the produced jar file.

enable_lto (ON/off)
  Enables the *Link Time Optimization* in the C++ compiler.
  This feature really speeds up the code produced, but it is fragile
  with older gcc versions.

enable_maintainer_mode (on/OFF)
  (dev only) Regenerates the XML parsers whenever the DTD is modified (requires flex and flexml).

enable_mallocators (ON/off)
  Activates our internal memory caching mechanism. This produces faster
  code, but it may fool the debuggers.

enable_model-checking (on/OFF)
  Activates the formal verification mode. This will **hinder
  simulation speed** even when the model checker is not activated at
  run time.

enable_msg (on/OFF)
  Activates the :ref:`MSG <MSG_doc>` legacy interface.

enable_ns3 (on/OFF)
  Activates the ns-3 bindings. See section :ref:`model_ns3`.

enable_smpi (ON/off)
  Allows one to run MPI code on top of SimGrid.

enable_smpi_ISP_testsuite (on/OFF)
  Adds many extra tests for the model checker module.

enable_smpi_MPICH3_testsuite (on/OFF)
  Adds many extra tests for the MPI module.

minimal-bindings (on/OFF)
  Take as few optional dependencies as possible, to get minimal
  library bindings in Java and Python.

NS3_HINT (empty by default)
  Alternative path into which ns-3 should be searched for.

SIMGRID_PYTHON_LIBDIR (auto-detected)
  Where to install the Python module library. By default, it is set to the cmake Python3_SITEARCH variable if installing to /usr, 
  and a modified version of that variable if installing to another path. Just force another value if the auto-detected default 
  does not fit your setup.

SMPI_C_FLAGS, SMPI_CXX_FLAGS, SMPI_Fortran_FLAGS (string)
  Default compiler options to use in smpicc, smpicxx, or smpiff.
  This can be useful to set options like "-m32" or "-m64".

Reset the build configuration
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""

To empty the CMake cache (either when you add a new library or when
things go seriously wrong), simply delete your ``CMakeCache.txt``. You
may also want to directly edit this file in some circumstances.

.. _install_cmake_outsrc:

Out of Tree Compilation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

By default, the files produced during the compilation are placed in
the source directory. It is however often better to put them all in a
separate directory: cleaning the tree becomes as easy as removing this
directory, and you can have several such directories to test several
parameter sets or architectures.

For that, go to the directory where the files should be produced, and
invoke cmake (or ccmake) with the full path to the SimGrid source as
last argument.

.. code-block:: console

  $ mkdir build
  $ cd build
  $ cmake [options] ..
  $ make

Existing Compilation Targets
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

In most cases, compiling and installing SimGrid is enough:

.. code-block:: console

  $ make
  $ make install # try "sudo make install" if you don't have the permission to write

In addition, several compilation targets are provided in SimGrid. If
your system is well configured, the full list of targets is available
for completion when using the ``Tab`` key. Note that some of the
existing targets are not really for public consumption so don't worry
if some do not work for you.

- **make**: Build the core of SimGrid that gets installed, but not any example.
- **make tests**: Build the tests and examples.
- **make simgrid**: Build only the SimGrid library. Not any example nor the helper tools.
- **make s4u-comm-pingpong**: Build only this example (works for any example)
- **make java-all**: Build all Java examples and their dependencies
- **make clean**: Clean the results of a previous compilation
- **make install**: Install the project (doc/ bin/ lib/ include/)
- **make uninstall**: Uninstall the project (doc/ bin/ lib/ include/)
- **make dist**: Build a distribution archive (tar.gz)
- **make distcheck**: Check the dist (make + make dist + tests on the distribution)
- **make documentation**: Create SimGrid documentation

If you want to see what is really happening, try adding ``VERBOSE=1`` to
your compilation requests:

.. code-block:: console

  $ make VERBOSE=1

.. _install_src_test:

Testing your build
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Once everything is built, you may want to test the result. SimGrid
comes with an extensive set of regression tests (as described in the
@ref inside_tests "insider manual"). The tests are not built by
default, so you first have to build them with ``make tests``. You can
then run them with ``ctest``, that comes with CMake.  We run them
every commit and the results are on `our Jenkins <https://ci.inria.fr/simgrid/>`_.

.. code-block:: console

  $ make tests                # Build the tests
  $ ctest                     # Launch all tests
  $ ctest -R s4u              # Launch only the tests whose names match the string "s4u"
  $ ctest -j4                 # Launch all tests in parallel, at most 4 concurrent jobs
  $ ctest --verbose           # Display all details on what's going on
  $ ctest --output-on-failure # Only get verbose for the tests that fail

  $ ctest -R s4u -j4 --output-on-failure # You changed S4U and want to check that you  \
                                         # didn't break anything, huh?                 \
                                         # That's fine, I do so all the time myself.

.. _install_cmake_mac:

macOS-specific instructions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

SimGrid compiles like a charm with clang (version 3.0 or higher) on macOS:

.. code-block:: console

  $ cmake -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=/path/to/clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=/path/to/clang++ .
  $ make


Troubleshooting your macOS build.

CMake Error: Parse error in cache file build_dir/CMakeCache.txt. Offending entry: /SDKs/MacOSX10.8.sdk
  This was reported with the XCode version of clang 4.1. The work
  around is to edit the ``CMakeCache.txt`` file directly, to change
  the following entry:

  ``CMAKE_OSX_SYSROOT:PATH=/Applications/XCode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer``

  You can safely ignore the warning about "-pthread" not being used, if it appears.

/usr/include does not seem to exist
  This directory does not exist by default on modern macOS versions,
  and you may need to create it with ``xcode-select -install``

.. _install_cmake_windows:

Windows-specific instructions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

The best solution to get SimGrid working on windows is to install the
Ubuntu subsystem of Windows 10. All of SimGrid (but the model checker)
works in this setting.

Native builds not very well supported. Have a look to our `appveypor
configuration file
<https://framagit.org/simgrid/simgrid/blob/master/.appveyor.yml>`_ to
see how we manage to use mingw-64 to build the DLL that the Java file
needs.

The drawback of MinGW-64 is that the produced DLL are not compatible
with MS Visual C. Some clang-based tools seem promising to fix this,
but this is of rather low priority for us. It it's important for you
and if you get it working, please @ref community_contact "tell us".

Python-specific instructions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Once you have the Python development headers installed as well as a
recent version of the `pybind11 <https://pybind11.readthedocs.io/en/stable/>`
module (version at least 2.4), recompiling the Python bindings from
the source should be as easy as:

.. code-block:: console

  # cd simgrid-source-tree
  $ python setup.py build install

Starting with SimGrid 3.13, it should even be possible to install
simgrid without downloading the source with pip:

.. code-block:: console

  $ pip install simgrid

Java-specific instructions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

Once you have the `full JDK <http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads>`_ installed,
things should be as simple as:

.. code-block:: console

   $ cmake -Denable_java=ON -Dminimal-bindings=ON .
   $ make  simgrid-java_jar # Only build the jarfile

After the compilation, the file ```simgrid.jar``` is produced in the
root directory.

**Troubleshooting Java Builds**

Sometimes, the build system fails to find the JNI headers. First locate them as follows:

.. code-block:: console

  $ locate jni.h
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/include/jni.h
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-9-openjdk-amd64/include/jni.h
  /usr/lib/jvm/java-10-openjdk-amd64/include/jni.h


Then, set the JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH environment variable to the right
path, and relaunch cmake. If you have several versions of JNI installed
(as above), pick the one corresponding to the report of
``javac -version``

.. code-block:: console

  $ export JAVA_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/include/
  $ cmake -Denable_java=ON .
  $ make

Note that the filename ```jni.h``` was removed from the path.

Linux Multi-Arch specific instructions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

On a multiarch x86_64 Linux, it should be possible to compile a 32-bit
version of SimGrid with something like:

.. code-block:: console

  $ CFLAGS=-m32                                                      \
    CXXFLAGS=-m32                                                    \
    FFLAGS=-m32                                                      \
    PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR=/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/             \
    cmake .                                                          \
      -DCMAKE_SYSTEM_PROCESSOR=i386                                  \
      -DCMAKE_Fortran_COMPILER=/some/path/to/i686-linux-gnu-gfortran \
      -DGFORTRAN_EXE=/some/path/to/i686-linux-gnu-gfortran           \
      -DSMPI_C_FLAGS=-m32                                            \
      -DSMPI_CXX_FLAGS=-m32                                          \
      -DSMPI_Fortran_FLAGS=-m32

If needed, implement ``i686-linux-gnu-gfortran`` as a script:

.. code-block:: shell

  #!/usr/bin/env sh
  exec gfortran -m32 "$@"