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mc/compare: cosmetics.
[simgrid.git] / src / mc / compare.cpp
index 151fda1..4cbb1b8 100644 (file)
 
 XBT_LOG_NEW_DEFAULT_SUBCATEGORY(mc_compare, xbt, "Logging specific to mc_compare in mc");
 
+using simgrid::mc::remote;
+
 namespace simgrid {
 namespace mc {
 
-struct HeapLocation;
-typedef std::array<HeapLocation, 2> HeapLocationPair;
-typedef std::set<HeapLocationPair> HeapLocationPairs;
-struct HeapArea;
-struct ProcessComparisonState;
-struct StateComparator;
-
-static int compare_heap_area(StateComparator& state, const void* area1, const void* area2, Snapshot* snapshot1,
-                             Snapshot* snapshot2, HeapLocationPairs* previous, Type* type, int pointer_level);
-}
-}
-
-using simgrid::mc::remote;
-
 /*********************************** Heap comparison ***********************************/
 /***************************************************************************************/
 
-namespace simgrid {
-namespace mc {
-
 class HeapLocation {
 public:
   int block_    = 0;
@@ -53,14 +38,8 @@ public:
   }
 };
 
-static inline
-HeapLocationPair makeHeapLocationPair(int block1, int fragment1, int block2, int fragment2)
-{
-  return simgrid::mc::HeapLocationPair{{
-    simgrid::mc::HeapLocation(block1, fragment1),
-    simgrid::mc::HeapLocation(block2, fragment2)
-  }};
-}
+typedef std::array<HeapLocation, 2> HeapLocationPair;
+typedef std::set<HeapLocationPair> HeapLocationPairs;
 
 class HeapArea : public HeapLocation {
 public:
@@ -84,34 +63,14 @@ public:
   void initHeapInformation(xbt_mheap_t heap, std::vector<simgrid::mc::IgnoredHeapRegion>* i);
 };
 
-namespace {
-
-/** A hash which works with more stuff
- *
- *  It can hash pairs: the standard hash currently doesn't include this.
- */
-template <class X> class hash : public std::hash<X> {
-};
-
-template <class X, class Y> class hash<std::pair<X, Y>> {
-public:
-  std::size_t operator()(std::pair<X,Y>const& x) const
-  {
-    hash<X> h1;
-    hash<X> h2;
-    return h1(x.first) ^ h2(x.second);
-  }
-};
-
-}
-
 class StateComparator {
 public:
   s_xbt_mheap_t std_heap_copy;
   std::size_t heaplimit;
   std::array<ProcessComparisonState, 2> processStates;
 
-  std::unordered_set<std::pair<void*, void*>, hash<std::pair<void*, void*>>> compared_pointers;
+  std::unordered_set<std::pair<const void*, const void*>, simgrid::xbt::hash<std::pair<const void*, const void*>>>
+      compared_pointers;
 
   void clear()
   {
@@ -211,6 +170,12 @@ static ssize_t heap_comparison_ignore_size(
   return -1;
 }
 
+static bool is_on_heap(const void* address)
+{
+  const xbt_mheap_t heap = mc_model_checker->process().get_heap();
+  return address >= heap->heapbase && address < heap->breakval;
+}
+
 static bool is_stack(const void *address)
 {
   for (auto const& stack : mc_model_checker->process().stack_areas())
@@ -276,10 +241,13 @@ static inline Region* MC_get_heap_region(Snapshot* snapshot)
   xbt_die("No heap region");
 }
 
-static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
-                               simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2)
+static bool heap_area_differ(StateComparator& state, const void* area1, const void* area2, Snapshot* snapshot1,
+                             Snapshot* snapshot2, HeapLocationPairs* previous, Type* type, int pointer_level);
+
+static bool mmalloc_heap_differ(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
+                                simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2)
 {
-  simgrid::mc::RemoteClient* process = &mc_model_checker->process();
+  const simgrid::mc::RemoteClient& process = mc_model_checker->process();
 
   /* Check busy blocks */
   size_t i1 = 1;
@@ -292,7 +260,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
   simgrid::mc::Region* heap_region2 = MC_get_heap_region(snapshot2);
 
   // This is the address of std_heap->heapinfo in the application process:
-  void* heapinfo_address = &((xbt_mheap_t) process->heap_address)->heapinfo;
+  void* heapinfo_address = &((xbt_mheap_t)process.heap_address)->heapinfo;
 
   // This is in snapshot do not use them directly:
   const malloc_info* heapinfos1 =
@@ -341,8 +309,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
       /* Try first to associate to same block in the other heap */
       if (heapinfo2->type == heapinfo1->type && state.equals_to2_(i1, 0).valid_ == 0) {
         void* addr_block2 = (ADDR2UINT(i1) - 1) * BLOCKSIZE + (char*)state.std_heap_copy.heapbase;
-        int res_compare = compare_heap_area(state, addr_block1, addr_block2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
-        if (res_compare != 1) {
+        if (not heap_area_differ(state, addr_block1, addr_block2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0)) {
           for (size_t k = 1; k < heapinfo2->busy_block.size; k++)
             state.equals_to2_(i1 + k, 0) = HeapArea(i1, -1);
           for (size_t k = 1; k < heapinfo1->busy_block.size; k++)
@@ -374,9 +341,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
           continue;
         }
 
-        int res_compare = compare_heap_area(state, addr_block1, addr_block2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
-
-        if (res_compare != 1) {
+        if (not heap_area_differ(state, addr_block1, addr_block2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0)) {
           for (size_t k = 1; k < heapinfo2b->busy_block.size; k++)
             state.equals_to2_(i2 + k, 0) = HeapArea(i1, -1);
           for (size_t k = 1; k < heapinfo1->busy_block.size; k++)
@@ -390,7 +355,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
 
       if (not equal) {
         XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu not found (size_used = %zu, addr = %p)", i1, heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size, addr_block1);
-        return false;
+        return true;
       }
 
     } else {                    /* Fragmented block */
@@ -412,8 +377,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
         if (heapinfo2->type == heapinfo1->type && not state.equals_to2_(i1, j1).valid_) {
           void* addr_block2 = (ADDR2UINT(i1) - 1) * BLOCKSIZE + (char*)state.std_heap_copy.heapbase;
           void* addr_frag2  = (void*)((char*)addr_block2 + (j1 << heapinfo2->type));
-          int res_compare = compare_heap_area(state, addr_frag1, addr_frag2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
-          if (res_compare != 1)
+          if (not heap_area_differ(state, addr_frag1, addr_frag2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0))
             equal = true;
         }
 
@@ -449,9 +413,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
             void* addr_block2 = (ADDR2UINT(i2) - 1) * BLOCKSIZE + (char*)state.std_heap_copy.heapbase;
             void* addr_frag2  = (void*)((char*)addr_block2 + (j2 << heapinfo2b->type));
 
-            int res_compare =
-                compare_heap_area(state, addr_frag1, addr_frag2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
-            if (res_compare != 1) {
+            if (not heap_area_differ(state, addr_frag1, addr_frag2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr, nullptr, 0)) {
               equal = true;
               break;
             }
@@ -463,7 +425,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
         if (not equal) {
           XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu, fragment_ %zu not found (size_used = %zd, address = %p)\n", i1, j1,
                     heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[j1], addr_frag1);
-          return false;
+          return true;
         }
       }
 
@@ -479,7 +441,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
     if (heapinfo1->type == MMALLOC_TYPE_UNFRAGMENTED && i1 == state.heaplimit && heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size > 0 &&
         not state.equals_to1_(i, 0).valid_) {
       XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu not found (size used = %zu)", i, heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size);
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
     if (heapinfo1->type <= 0)
@@ -487,7 +449,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
     for (size_t j = 0; j < (size_t)(BLOCKSIZE >> heapinfo1->type); j++)
       if (i1 == state.heaplimit && heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[j] > 0 && not state.equals_to1_(i, j).valid_) {
         XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu, Fragment %zu not found (size used = %zd)", i, j, heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[j]);
-        return false;
+        return true;
       }
   }
 
@@ -498,7 +460,7 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
         not state.equals_to2_(i, 0).valid_) {
       XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu not found (size used = %zu)", i,
                 heapinfo2->busy_block.busy_size);
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
     if (heapinfo2->type <= 0)
@@ -508,11 +470,11 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
       if (i1 == state.heaplimit && heapinfo2->busy_frag.frag_size[j] > 0 && not state.equals_to2_(i, j).valid_) {
         XBT_DEBUG("Block %zu, Fragment %zu not found (size used = %zd)",
           i, j, heapinfo2->busy_frag.frag_size[j]);
-        return false;
+        return true;
       }
   }
 
-  return true;
+  return false;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -525,26 +487,27 @@ static bool mmalloc_heap_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc:
  * @param previous
  * @param size
  * @param check_ignore
+ * @return true when different, false otherwise (same or unknown)
  */
-static bool heap_area_equal_without_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* real_area1,
-                                         const void* real_area2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
-                                         simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, HeapLocationPairs* previous, int size,
-                                         int check_ignore)
+static bool heap_area_differ_without_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* real_area1,
+                                          const void* real_area2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
+                                          simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, HeapLocationPairs* previous, int size,
+                                          int check_ignore)
 {
-  simgrid::mc::RemoteClient* process = &mc_model_checker->process();
+  const simgrid::mc::RemoteClient& process = mc_model_checker->process();
   simgrid::mc::Region* heap_region1  = MC_get_heap_region(snapshot1);
   simgrid::mc::Region* heap_region2  = MC_get_heap_region(snapshot2);
 
   for (int i = 0; i < size; ) {
 
     if (check_ignore > 0) {
-      ssize_t ignore1 = heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[0].to_ignore, (char*)real_area1 + i);
+      ssize_t ignore1 = heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[0].to_ignore, (const char*)real_area1 + i);
       if (ignore1 != -1) {
-        ssize_t ignore2 = heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[1].to_ignore, (char*)real_area2 + i);
+        ssize_t ignore2 = heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[1].to_ignore, (const char*)real_area2 + i);
         if (ignore2 == ignore1) {
           if (ignore1 == 0) {
             check_ignore--;
-            return true;
+            return false;
           } else {
             i = i + ignore2;
             check_ignore--;
@@ -554,38 +517,33 @@ static bool heap_area_equal_without_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, co
       }
     }
 
-    if (MC_snapshot_region_memcmp(((char *) real_area1) + i, heap_region1, ((char *) real_area2) + i, heap_region2, 1) != 0) {
+    if (MC_snapshot_region_memcmp((const char*)real_area1 + i, heap_region1, (const char*)real_area2 + i, heap_region2,
+                                  1) != 0) {
 
       int pointer_align = (i / sizeof(void *)) * sizeof(void *);
-      const void* addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void**)((char*)real_area1 + pointer_align)));
-      const void* addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void**)((char*)real_area2 + pointer_align)));
+      const void* addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void**)((const char*)real_area1 + pointer_align)));
+      const void* addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void**)((const char*)real_area2 + pointer_align)));
 
-      if (process->in_maestro_stack(remote(addr_pointed1))
-        && process->in_maestro_stack(remote(addr_pointed2))) {
+      if (process.in_maestro_stack(remote(addr_pointed1)) && process.in_maestro_stack(remote(addr_pointed2))) {
         i = pointer_align + sizeof(void *);
         continue;
       }
 
-      if (addr_pointed1 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase
-           && addr_pointed1 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot1)
-           && addr_pointed2 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase
-           && addr_pointed2 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot2)) {
+      if (is_on_heap(addr_pointed1) && is_on_heap(addr_pointed2)) {
         // Both addresses are in the heap:
-        int res_compare =
-            compare_heap_area(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, nullptr, 0);
-        if (res_compare == 1)
-          return false;
+        if (heap_area_differ(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, nullptr, 0))
+          return true;
         i = pointer_align + sizeof(void *);
         continue;
       }
 
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
     i++;
   }
 
-  return true;
+  return false;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -600,9 +558,9 @@ static bool heap_area_equal_without_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, co
  * @param area_size      either a byte_size or an elements_count (?)
  * @param check_ignore
  * @param pointer_level
- * @return               0 (same), 1 (different), -1 (unknown)
+ * @return               true when different, false otherwise (same or unknown)
  */
-static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* real_area1,
+static bool heap_area_differ_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* real_area1,
                                        const void* real_area2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
                                        simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, HeapLocationPairs* previous,
                                        simgrid::mc::Type* type, int area_size, int check_ignore, int pointer_level)
@@ -614,15 +572,15 @@ static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, cons
   //    <538837>   DW_AT_decl_file   : 98
   //    <538838>   DW_AT_decl_line   : 37
   if (type == nullptr)
-    return 0;
+    return false;
 
   if (is_stack(real_area1) && is_stack(real_area2))
-    return 0;
+    return false;
 
   if (check_ignore > 0) {
     ssize_t ignore1 = heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[0].to_ignore, real_area1);
     if (ignore1 > 0 && heap_comparison_ignore_size(state.processStates[1].to_ignore, real_area2) == ignore1)
-      return 0;
+      return false;
   }
 
   simgrid::mc::Type* subtype;
@@ -636,37 +594,37 @@ static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, cons
 
   switch (type->type) {
     case DW_TAG_unspecified_type:
-      return 1;
+      return true;
 
     case DW_TAG_base_type:
       if (not type->name.empty() && type->name == "char") { /* String, hence random (arbitrary ?) size */
         if (real_area1 == real_area2)
-          return -1;
+          return false;
         else
           return MC_snapshot_region_memcmp(real_area1, heap_region1, real_area2, heap_region2, area_size) != 0;
       } else {
         if (area_size != -1 && type->byte_size != area_size)
-          return -1;
+          return false;
         else
           return MC_snapshot_region_memcmp(real_area1, heap_region1, real_area2, heap_region2, type->byte_size) != 0;
       }
 
     case DW_TAG_enumeration_type:
       if (area_size != -1 && type->byte_size != area_size)
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       return MC_snapshot_region_memcmp(real_area1, heap_region1, real_area2, heap_region2, type->byte_size) != 0;
 
     case DW_TAG_typedef:
     case DW_TAG_const_type:
     case DW_TAG_volatile_type:
-      return compare_heap_area_with_type(state, real_area1, real_area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type->subtype,
-                                         area_size, check_ignore, pointer_level);
+      return heap_area_differ_with_type(state, real_area1, real_area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type->subtype,
+                                        area_size, check_ignore, pointer_level);
 
     case DW_TAG_array_type:
       subtype = type->subtype;
       switch (subtype->type) {
         case DW_TAG_unspecified_type:
-          return 1;
+          return true;
 
         case DW_TAG_base_type:
         case DW_TAG_enumeration_type:
@@ -690,51 +648,46 @@ static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, cons
           elm_size     = subsubtype->byte_size;
           break;
         default:
-          return 0;
+          return false;
       }
       for (int i = 0; i < type->element_count; i++) {
         // TODO, add support for variable stride (DW_AT_byte_stride)
-        int res = compare_heap_area_with_type(state, (char*)real_area1 + (i * elm_size),
-                                              (char*)real_area2 + (i * elm_size), snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
-                                              type->subtype, subtype->byte_size, check_ignore, pointer_level);
-        if (res == 1)
-          return res;
+        if (heap_area_differ_with_type(state, (const char*)real_area1 + (i * elm_size),
+                                       (const char*)real_area2 + (i * elm_size), snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
+                                       type->subtype, subtype->byte_size, check_ignore, pointer_level))
+          return true;
       }
-      return 0;
+      return false;
 
     case DW_TAG_reference_type:
     case DW_TAG_rvalue_reference_type:
     case DW_TAG_pointer_type:
       if (type->subtype && type->subtype->type == DW_TAG_subroutine_type) {
-        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void**)real_area1));
-        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void**)real_area2));
+        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void* const*)real_area1));
+        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void* const*)real_area2));
         return (addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2);
       }
       pointer_level++;
       if (pointer_level <= 1) {
-        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void**)real_area1));
-        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void**)real_area2));
-        if (addr_pointed1 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase && addr_pointed1 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot1) &&
-            addr_pointed2 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase && addr_pointed2 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot2))
-          return compare_heap_area(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type->subtype,
-                                   pointer_level);
+        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void* const*)real_area1));
+        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void* const*)real_area2));
+        if (is_on_heap(addr_pointed1) && is_on_heap(addr_pointed2))
+          return heap_area_differ(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type->subtype,
+                                  pointer_level);
         else
           return (addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2);
       }
       for (size_t i = 0; i < (area_size / sizeof(void*)); i++) {
-        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void**)((char*)real_area1 + i * sizeof(void*))));
-        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void**)((char*)real_area2 + i * sizeof(void*))));
-        int res;
-        if (addr_pointed1 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase && addr_pointed1 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot1) &&
-            addr_pointed2 > state.std_heap_copy.heapbase && addr_pointed2 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot2))
-          res = compare_heap_area(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type->subtype,
-                                  pointer_level);
-        else
-          res = (addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2);
-        if (res == 1)
-          return res;
+        addr_pointed1 = snapshot1->read(remote((void* const*)((const char*)real_area1 + i * sizeof(void*))));
+        addr_pointed2 = snapshot2->read(remote((void* const*)((const char*)real_area2 + i * sizeof(void*))));
+        bool differ   = is_on_heap(addr_pointed1) && is_on_heap(addr_pointed2)
+                          ? heap_area_differ(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
+                                             type->subtype, pointer_level)
+                          : addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2;
+        if (differ)
+          return true;
       }
-      return 0;
+      return false;
 
     case DW_TAG_structure_type:
     case DW_TAG_class_type:
@@ -742,13 +695,12 @@ static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, cons
         type = type->full_type;
       if (area_size != -1 && type->byte_size != area_size) {
         if (area_size <= type->byte_size || area_size % type->byte_size != 0)
-          return -1;
+          return false;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < (size_t)(area_size / type->byte_size); i++) {
-          int res = compare_heap_area_with_type(state, (char*)real_area1 + i * type->byte_size,
-                                                (char*)real_area2 + i * type->byte_size, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
-                                                type, -1, check_ignore, 0);
-          if (res == 1)
-            return res;
+          if (heap_area_differ_with_type(state, (const char*)real_area1 + i * type->byte_size,
+                                         (const char*)real_area2 + i * type->byte_size, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
+                                         type, -1, check_ignore, 0))
+            return true;
         }
         } else {
           for (simgrid::mc::Member& member : type->members) {
@@ -757,19 +709,22 @@ static int compare_heap_area_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, cons
                 simgrid::dwarf::resolve_member(real_area1, type, &member, (simgrid::mc::AddressSpace*)snapshot1);
             void* real_member2 =
                 simgrid::dwarf::resolve_member(real_area2, type, &member, (simgrid::mc::AddressSpace*)snapshot2);
-            int res = compare_heap_area_with_type(state, real_member1, real_member2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
-                                                  member.type, -1, check_ignore, 0);
-            if (res == 1)
-              return res;
+            if (heap_area_differ_with_type(state, real_member1, real_member2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
+                                           member.type, -1, check_ignore, 0))
+              return true;
           }
         }
-        return 0;
+        return false;
 
     case DW_TAG_union_type:
-      return not heap_area_equal_without_type(state, real_area1, real_area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
-                                              type->byte_size, check_ignore);
+      return heap_area_differ_without_type(state, real_area1, real_area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous,
+                                           type->byte_size, check_ignore);
+
+    default:
+      XBT_VERB("Unknown case: %d", type->type);
+      break;
   }
-  return 0;
+  return false;
 }
 
 /** Infer the type of a part of the block from the type of the block
@@ -832,13 +787,13 @@ static simgrid::mc::Type* get_offset_type(void* real_base_address, simgrid::mc::
  * @param previous       Pairs of blocks already compared on the current path (or nullptr)
  * @param type_id        Type of variable
  * @param pointer_level
- * @return 0 (same), 1 (different), -1
+ * @return true when different, false otherwise (same or unknown)
  */
-static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* area1, const void* area2,
+static bool heap_area_differ(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* area1, const void* area2,
                              simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2,
                              HeapLocationPairs* previous, simgrid::mc::Type* type, int pointer_level)
 {
-  simgrid::mc::RemoteClient* process = &mc_model_checker->process();
+  const simgrid::mc::RemoteClient& process = mc_model_checker->process();
 
   ssize_t block1;
   ssize_t block2;
@@ -857,7 +812,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
   bool match_pairs = false;
 
   // This is the address of std_heap->heapinfo in the application process:
-  void* heapinfo_address = &((xbt_mheap_t) process->heap_address)->heapinfo;
+  void* heapinfo_address = &((xbt_mheap_t)process.heap_address)->heapinfo;
 
   const malloc_info* heapinfos1 = snapshot1->read(remote((const malloc_info**)heapinfo_address));
   const malloc_info* heapinfos2 = snapshot2->read(remote((const malloc_info**)heapinfo_address));
@@ -877,17 +832,17 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
 
   // If either block is a stack block:
   if (is_block_stack((int) block1) && is_block_stack((int) block2)) {
-    previous->insert(simgrid::mc::makeHeapLocationPair(block1, -1, block2, -1));
+    previous->insert(HeapLocationPair{{HeapLocation(block1, -1), HeapLocation(block2, -1)}});
     if (match_pairs)
       state.match_equals(previous);
-    return 0;
+    return false;
   }
 
   // If either block is not in the expected area of memory:
   if (((char*)area1 < (char*)state.std_heap_copy.heapbase) || (block1 > (ssize_t)state.processStates[0].heapsize) ||
       (block1 < 1) || ((char*)area2 < (char*)state.std_heap_copy.heapbase) ||
       (block2 > (ssize_t)state.processStates[1].heapsize) || (block2 < 1)) {
-    return 1;
+    return true;
   }
 
   // Process address of the block:
@@ -924,7 +879,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
     /* Free block */
     if (match_pairs)
       state.match_equals(previous);
-    return 0;
+    return false;
   }
 
   if (heapinfo1->type == MMALLOC_TYPE_UNFRAGMENTED && heapinfo2->type == MMALLOC_TYPE_UNFRAGMENTED) {
@@ -936,7 +891,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
         state.blocksEqual(block1, block2)) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
 
     if (type_size != -1 && type_size != (ssize_t)heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size &&
@@ -944,18 +899,17 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
         (type->name.empty() || type->name == "struct s_smx_context")) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return -1;
+      return false;
     }
 
-    if (heapinfo1->busy_block.size != heapinfo2->busy_block.size)
-      return 1;
-    if (heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size != heapinfo2->busy_block.busy_size)
-      return 1;
+    if (heapinfo1->busy_block.size != heapinfo2->busy_block.size ||
+        heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size != heapinfo2->busy_block.busy_size)
+      return true;
 
-    if (not previous->insert(simgrid::mc::makeHeapLocationPair(block1, -1, block2, -1)).second) {
+    if (not previous->insert(HeapLocationPair{{HeapLocation(block1, -1), HeapLocation(block2, -1)}}).second) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
 
     size = heapinfo1->busy_block.busy_size;
@@ -970,7 +924,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
     if (size <= 0) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
 
     if (heapinfo1->busy_block.ignore > 0
@@ -992,14 +946,14 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
       if (heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[frag1] == -1 || heapinfo2->busy_frag.frag_size[frag2] == -1) {
         if (match_pairs)
           state.match_equals(previous);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       }
       // ?
       if (type_size != heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[frag1]
           || type_size != heapinfo2->busy_frag.frag_size[frag2]) {
         if (match_pairs)
           state.match_equals(previous);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       }
     }
 
@@ -1008,16 +962,16 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
         state.fragmentsEqual(block1, frag1, block2, frag2)) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
     // Compare the size of both fragments:
     if (heapinfo1->busy_frag.frag_size[frag1] != heapinfo2->busy_frag.frag_size[frag2]) {
       if (type_size == -1) {
         if (match_pairs)
           state.match_equals(previous);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       } else
-        return 1;
+        return true;
     }
 
     // Size of the fragment_:
@@ -1052,7 +1006,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
       } else {
         if (match_pairs)
           state.match_equals(previous);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       }
 
       if (new_type1 != nullptr && new_type2 != nullptr && new_type1 != new_type2) {
@@ -1070,7 +1024,7 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
       } else {
         if (match_pairs)
           state.match_equals(previous);
-        return -1;
+        return false;
       }
     }
 
@@ -1080,16 +1034,16 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
     }
 
     if (offset1 == 0 && offset2 == 0 &&
-        not previous->insert(simgrid::mc::makeHeapLocationPair(block1, frag1, block2, frag2)).second) {
+        not previous->insert(HeapLocationPair{{HeapLocation(block1, frag1), HeapLocation(block2, frag2)}}).second) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
 
     if (size <= 0) {
       if (match_pairs)
         state.match_equals(previous);
-      return 0;
+      return false;
     }
 
     if ((heapinfo1->busy_frag.ignore[frag1] > 0) &&
@@ -1097,24 +1051,19 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
       check_ignore = heapinfo1->busy_frag.ignore[frag1];
 
   } else
-    return 1;
-
+    return true;
 
   /* Start comparison */
-  int res_compare;
-  if (type)
-    res_compare = compare_heap_area_with_type(state, area1, area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type, size,
-                                              check_ignore, pointer_level);
-  else
-    res_compare =
-        not heap_area_equal_without_type(state, area1, area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, size, check_ignore);
-
-  if (res_compare == 1)
-    return res_compare;
+  bool differ =
+      type ? heap_area_differ_with_type(state, area1, area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, type, size, check_ignore,
+                                        pointer_level)
+           : heap_area_differ_without_type(state, area1, area2, snapshot1, snapshot2, previous, size, check_ignore);
+  if (differ)
+    return true;
 
   if (match_pairs)
     state.match_equals(previous);
-  return 0;
+  return false;
 }
 
 }
@@ -1123,23 +1072,20 @@ static int compare_heap_area(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* ar
 /************************** Snapshot comparison *******************************/
 /******************************************************************************/
 
-static int compare_areas_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, void* real_area1,
-                                   simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1, simgrid::mc::Region* region1, void* real_area2,
-                                   simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, simgrid::mc::Region* region2,
-                                   simgrid::mc::Type* type, int pointer_level)
+static bool areas_differ_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, const void* real_area1,
+                                   simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1, simgrid::mc::Region* region1,
+                                   const void* real_area2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2,
+                                   simgrid::mc::Region* region2, simgrid::mc::Type* type, int pointer_level)
 {
-  simgrid::mc::RemoteClient* process = &mc_model_checker->process();
-
   simgrid::mc::Type* subtype;
   simgrid::mc::Type* subsubtype;
   int elm_size;
   int i;
-  int res;
 
   xbt_assert(type != nullptr);
   switch (type->type) {
     case DW_TAG_unspecified_type:
-      return 1;
+      return true;
 
     case DW_TAG_base_type:
     case DW_TAG_enumeration_type:
@@ -1148,13 +1094,13 @@ static int compare_areas_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, void* re
     case DW_TAG_typedef:
     case DW_TAG_volatile_type:
     case DW_TAG_const_type:
-      return compare_areas_with_type(state, real_area1, snapshot1, region1, real_area2, snapshot2, region2,
-                                     type->subtype, pointer_level);
+      return areas_differ_with_type(state, real_area1, snapshot1, region1, real_area2, snapshot2, region2,
+                                    type->subtype, pointer_level);
     case DW_TAG_array_type:
       subtype = type->subtype;
       switch (subtype->type) {
         case DW_TAG_unspecified_type:
-          return 1;
+          return true;
 
         case DW_TAG_base_type:
         case DW_TAG_enumeration_type:
@@ -1177,30 +1123,29 @@ static int compare_areas_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, void* re
           elm_size     = subsubtype->byte_size;
           break;
         default:
-          return 0;
+          return false;
       }
       for (i = 0; i < type->element_count; i++) {
         size_t off = i * elm_size;
-        res = compare_areas_with_type(state, (char*)real_area1 + off, snapshot1, region1, (char*)real_area2 + off,
-                                      snapshot2, region2, type->subtype, pointer_level);
-        if (res == 1)
-          return res;
+        if (areas_differ_with_type(state, (char*)real_area1 + off, snapshot1, region1, (char*)real_area2 + off,
+                                   snapshot2, region2, type->subtype, pointer_level))
+          return true;
       }
       break;
     case DW_TAG_pointer_type:
     case DW_TAG_reference_type:
     case DW_TAG_rvalue_reference_type: {
-      void* addr_pointed1 = MC_region_read_pointer(region1, real_area1);
-      void* addr_pointed2 = MC_region_read_pointer(region2, real_area2);
+      const void* addr_pointed1 = MC_region_read_pointer(region1, real_area1);
+      const void* addr_pointed2 = MC_region_read_pointer(region2, real_area2);
 
       if (type->subtype && type->subtype->type == DW_TAG_subroutine_type)
         return (addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2);
       if (addr_pointed1 == nullptr && addr_pointed2 == nullptr)
-        return 0;
+        return false;
       if (addr_pointed1 == nullptr || addr_pointed2 == nullptr)
-        return 1;
+        return true;
       if (not state.compared_pointers.insert(std::make_pair(addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2)).second)
-        return 0;
+        return false;
 
       pointer_level++;
 
@@ -1209,22 +1154,22 @@ static int compare_areas_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, void* re
       // * a pointer leads to the read-only segment of the current object
       // * a pointer lead to a different ELF object
 
-      if (addr_pointed1 > process->heap_address && addr_pointed1 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot1)) {
-        if (not(addr_pointed2 > process->heap_address && addr_pointed2 < mc_snapshot_get_heap_end(snapshot2)))
-          return 1;
+      if (is_on_heap(addr_pointed1)) {
+        if (not is_on_heap(addr_pointed2))
+          return true;
         // The pointers are both in the heap:
-        return simgrid::mc::compare_heap_area(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr,
-                                              type->subtype, pointer_level);
+        return simgrid::mc::heap_area_differ(state, addr_pointed1, addr_pointed2, snapshot1, snapshot2, nullptr,
+                                             type->subtype, pointer_level);
 
       } else if (region1->contain(simgrid::mc::remote(addr_pointed1))) {
         // The pointers are both in the current object R/W segment:
         if (not region2->contain(simgrid::mc::remote(addr_pointed2)))
-          return 1;
+          return true;
         if (not type->type_id)
           return (addr_pointed1 != addr_pointed2);
         else
-          return compare_areas_with_type(state, addr_pointed1, snapshot1, region1, addr_pointed2, snapshot2, region2,
-                                         type->subtype, pointer_level);
+          return areas_differ_with_type(state, addr_pointed1, snapshot1, region1, addr_pointed2, snapshot2, region2,
+                                        type->subtype, pointer_level);
       } else {
 
         // TODO, We do not handle very well the case where
@@ -1240,25 +1185,24 @@ static int compare_areas_with_type(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, void* re
         void* member2                   = simgrid::dwarf::resolve_member(real_area2, type, &member, snapshot2);
         simgrid::mc::Region* subregion1 = snapshot1->get_region(member1, region1); // region1 is hinted
         simgrid::mc::Region* subregion2 = snapshot2->get_region(member2, region2); // region2 is hinted
-        res = compare_areas_with_type(state, member1, snapshot1, subregion1, member2, snapshot2, subregion2,
-                                      member.type, pointer_level);
-        if (res == 1)
-          return res;
+        if (areas_differ_with_type(state, member1, snapshot1, subregion1, member2, snapshot2, subregion2, member.type,
+                                   pointer_level))
+          return true;
       }
       break;
     case DW_TAG_subroutine_type:
-      return -1;
+      return false;
     default:
       XBT_VERB("Unknown case: %d", type->type);
       break;
   }
 
-  return 0;
+  return false;
 }
 
-static bool global_variables_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::ObjectInformation* object_info,
-                                   simgrid::mc::Region* r1, simgrid::mc::Region* r2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
-                                   simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2)
+static bool global_variables_differ(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::ObjectInformation* object_info,
+                                    simgrid::mc::Region* r1, simgrid::mc::Region* r2, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
+                                    simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2)
 {
   xbt_assert(r1 && r2, "Missing region.");
 
@@ -1274,26 +1218,25 @@ static bool global_variables_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid:
       continue;
 
     simgrid::mc::Type* bvariable_type = current_var.type;
-    int res = compare_areas_with_type(state, (char*)current_var.address, snapshot1, r1, (char*)current_var.address,
-                                      snapshot2, r2, bvariable_type, 0);
-    if (res == 1) {
+    if (areas_differ_with_type(state, (char*)current_var.address, snapshot1, r1, (char*)current_var.address, snapshot2,
+                               r2, bvariable_type, 0)) {
       XBT_VERB("Global variable %s (%p) is different between snapshots",
                current_var.name.c_str(),
                (char *) current_var.address);
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
   }
 
-  return true;
+  return false;
 }
 
-static bool local_variables_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
-                                  simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, mc_snapshot_stack_t stack1,
-                                  mc_snapshot_stack_t stack2)
+static bool local_variables_differ(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot1,
+                                   simgrid::mc::Snapshot* snapshot2, mc_snapshot_stack_t stack1,
+                                   mc_snapshot_stack_t stack2)
 {
   if (stack1->local_variables.size() != stack2->local_variables.size()) {
     XBT_VERB("Different number of local variables");
-    return false;
+    return true;
   }
 
   for (unsigned int cursor = 0; cursor < stack1->local_variables.size(); cursor++) {
@@ -1306,43 +1249,38 @@ static bool local_variables_equal(simgrid::mc::StateComparator& state, simgrid::
                "or frame (%s - %s) or ip (%lu - %lu)",
                current_var1->name.c_str(), current_var2->name.c_str(), current_var1->subprogram->name.c_str(),
                current_var2->subprogram->name.c_str(), current_var1->ip, current_var2->ip);
-      return false;
+      return true;
     }
 
-    if (compare_areas_with_type(state, current_var1->address, snapshot1, snapshot1->get_region(current_var1->address),
-                                current_var2->address, snapshot2, snapshot2->get_region(current_var2->address),
-                                current_var1->type, 0) == 1) {
+    if (areas_differ_with_type(state, current_var1->address, snapshot1, snapshot1->get_region(current_var1->address),
+                               current_var2->address, snapshot2, snapshot2->get_region(current_var2->address),
+                               current_var1->type, 0)) {
       XBT_VERB("Local variable %s (%p - %p) in frame %s "
                "is different between snapshots",
                current_var1->name.c_str(), current_var1->address, current_var2->address,
                current_var1->subprogram->name.c_str());
-      return false;
-    }
+      return true;
     }
-    return true;
+  }
+  return false;
 }
 
 namespace simgrid {
 namespace mc {
 
-static std::unique_ptr<simgrid::mc::StateComparator> state_comparator;
-
 bool snapshot_equal(Snapshot* s1, Snapshot* s2)
 {
   // TODO, make this a field of ModelChecker or something similar
-  if (state_comparator == nullptr)
-    state_comparator.reset(new StateComparator());
-  else
-    state_comparator->clear();
+  static StateComparator state_comparator;
 
-  RemoteClient* process = &mc_model_checker->process();
+  const RemoteClient& process = mc_model_checker->process();
 
   if (s1->hash_ != s2->hash_) {
     XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Different hash: 0x%" PRIx64 "--0x%" PRIx64, s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_, s1->hash_,
              s2->hash_);
     return false;
-    } else
-      XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Same hash: 0x%" PRIx64, s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_, s1->hash_);
+  }
+  XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Same hash: 0x%" PRIx64, s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_, s1->hash_);
 
   /* Compare enabled processes */
   if (s1->enabled_processes_ != s2->enabled_processes_) {
@@ -1363,12 +1301,10 @@ bool snapshot_equal(Snapshot* s1, Snapshot* s2)
 
   /* Init heap information used in heap comparison algorithm */
   xbt_mheap_t heap1 = (xbt_mheap_t)s1->read_bytes(alloca(sizeof(struct mdesc)), sizeof(struct mdesc),
-                                                  remote(process->heap_address), simgrid::mc::ReadOptions::lazy());
+                                                  remote(process.heap_address), simgrid::mc::ReadOptions::lazy());
   xbt_mheap_t heap2 = (xbt_mheap_t)s2->read_bytes(alloca(sizeof(struct mdesc)), sizeof(struct mdesc),
-                                                  remote(process->heap_address), simgrid::mc::ReadOptions::lazy());
-  int res_init = state_comparator->initHeapInformation(heap1, heap2, &s1->to_ignore_, &s2->to_ignore_);
-
-  if (res_init == -1) {
+                                                  remote(process.heap_address), simgrid::mc::ReadOptions::lazy());
+  if (state_comparator.initHeapInformation(heap1, heap2, &s1->to_ignore_, &s2->to_ignore_) == -1) {
     XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Different heap information", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_);
     return false;
   }
@@ -1378,7 +1314,7 @@ bool snapshot_equal(Snapshot* s1, Snapshot* s2)
     mc_snapshot_stack_t stack1 = &s1->stacks_[cursor];
     mc_snapshot_stack_t stack2 = &s2->stacks_[cursor];
 
-    if (not local_variables_equal(*state_comparator, s1, s2, stack1, stack2)) {
+    if (local_variables_differ(state_comparator, s1, s2, stack1, stack2)) {
       XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Different local variables between stacks %u", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_, cursor + 1);
       return false;
     }
@@ -1401,7 +1337,7 @@ bool snapshot_equal(Snapshot* s1, Snapshot* s2)
     xbt_assert(region1->object_info());
 
     /* Compare global variables */
-    if (not global_variables_equal(*state_comparator, region1->object_info(), region1, region2, s1, s2)) {
+    if (global_variables_differ(state_comparator, region1->object_info(), region1, region2, s1, s2)) {
       std::string const& name = region1->object_info()->file_name;
       XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Different global variables in %s", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_, name.c_str());
       return false;
@@ -1409,14 +1345,14 @@ bool snapshot_equal(Snapshot* s1, Snapshot* s2)
   }
 
   /* Compare heap */
-  if (not mmalloc_heap_equal(*state_comparator, s1, s2)) {
+  if (mmalloc_heap_differ(state_comparator, s1, s2)) {
     XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) Different heap (mmalloc_compare)", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_);
     return false;
   }
 
-    XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) No difference found", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_);
+  XBT_VERB("(%d - %d) No difference found", s1->num_state_, s2->num_state_);
 
-    return true;
+  return true;
 }
 
 }